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General comment This dataset represents the production of high voltage electricity in an average hard coal power plant in Chile in 2012. 'Hard coal' includes anthracite, coking coal and other bituminous coal according to the definition of the IEA electricity information 2014.;All exchanges in this dataset except for emissions of SO2, NOx and particles are production-weighted averages of the figures in the datasets in ecoinvent version two, which are valid for the following 14 countries: AT, BE, ES, FR, IT, NL, PT, DE, CZ, HR, PL, SK, CN, US. The exception values are production-weighted averages of version 2 countries and the new countries in version 3 (AU, CA, CL, ID, IN, KR, MX, MY, PE, RU, TH, TR, TW, TZ, UA, ZA);Comments on the inventory data of emissions: ;- For the assessment of main characteristics (sulphur and ash content of coal, efficiency of the plant) and CO2 a bottom-up approach has been used. It consists in the collection of information about single plants.;- The size distribution of particle emissions has been derived from German data. ; - Halogene emissions have been estimated on the basis of the content of the species in the country-specific coal input mix, assuming average retention rates. ;- For CO and particle emissions average values for the former UCTE are included (Union for the Coordination of the Transmission of Electricity, since 2009 replaced by ENTSO-E European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity). ; - The country specific emission depend on the share of DeNOx. ; - Emissions of trace elements were calculated by means of a formula (CORINAIR) using the ash content in the country-specific coal input mix and average transfer coefficients for coal power plants, taking into account the share of DeSOx installed. ; - Emission of uranium and thorium radioactive isotopes were assumed proportional to the corresponding element emitted with particles; the other non-gaseous radioactive isotopes of the uranium and thorium decay chain were assumed proportional to the emitted U-238 or Th-232. ;- The emission of gaseous radon and K-40 are taken from the literature.;IEA. 2014. Electricity Information 2014. ISBN 978-92-64-21692-1. International Energy Agency (IEA), Paris Cedex (FR);European Environment Agency (1991) CORINAIR Inventory; VOC's Default Emission Factors From the constructed hard coal power plant ready to produce electricity.
From reception of hard coal and operating materials at power plant gate. This activity ends with 1kWh of high voltage electricity produced at the power plant and arrived at the busbar.
This dataset includes:
- all operation and maintenance activities and materials of the power plants.
- Use of fuel oil for startup
- Particle removal (dedusting of the flue gas)
- Desulfurisation and denitrification. These processes are described in separate modules; it can be decided by changing the values of NOx and SOx retained whether and how much DeNOx and DeSOx are installed.
- Cooling: It is assumed that all plants use wet cooling with a cooling tower. No cooling tower is included in this dataset (will be implemented in future versions)
- Loss of feed water
- Transport of the hard coal from the delivering country to Chile, but not the transports within Chile.
This dataset doesn't include
- raw materials extraction, decommissioning and waste treatment as these activities are already included in the infrastructure datasets
- transformation of the electricity produced
- The disposal of non-recycled ashes is modelled separately. |
