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Process Data set: [CicloData] 2023 | electricity production, natural gas, combined cycle power plant | electricity, high voltage | Cutoff, U (en) en

Key Data Set Information
Location CL
Reference year 2000
Name
[CicloData] 2023 | electricity production, natural gas, combined cycle power plant | electricity, high voltage | Cutoff, U
Classification
Class name : Hierarchy level
  • ILCD: #ECOED / #CICLODATA / Electricidad / 2023 / Electricidad SEN 2023 H, M, L voltage / Produccion de electricidad | Combustibles / Fuentes de generacion
General comment on data set ecoQuery: https://ecoquery.ecoinvent.org/3.10/cutoff/dataset/755/documentation This dataset represents the production of high voltage electricity in a combined cycle natural gas power plant without CHP (combined heat and power) in Chile in 2012.;['text', 'In a combined cycle power plant, a gas turbine is followed by a steam turbine. The dataset refers to a combined cycle power plant of 400MWe class with a gas turbine 260MWe and a steam turbine 140MWe.'];['text', 'For electricity production with natural gas, four different datasets relying to different power plant types exist:'];['text', ' - conventional power plant with / without CHP'];['text', ' - combined cycle power plant with / without CHP'];['text', 'At the moment, these datasets differ in nothing but the efficiency. High voltage electricity (at the busbar) is the reference product, whereupon heat is a by-product in CHP plants. Out of all fossile fuels, natural gas holds worldwide the highest share of CHP plants besides peat. Furthermore, natural gas power plants are today often designed with combined cycles. The advantages of a combined cycle power plant are for example: '];['text', ' - a higher efficiency (approximately between 50-60% compared to ca. 33% for a conventional power plant)'];['text', ' - high operating flexibility'];['text', ' - lower emissions due to higher efficiency'];['text', ' - lower cooling water need. '];['text', 'The approximate share of combined cycle natural gas power plants in Chile amounts to ca. {{cc_share}}. {{chp}} combined heat power plants (calculations made with IEA/OECD statistics and own assumptions). '];['text', 'The efficiency calculations are based on IEA/OECD statistics (fuel inputs, electricity produced) and some own calculation assumptions. . Reducing factors such as contaminations of important plant parts, cooling conditions or part load have been taken into account. Even if efficiencies vary with different surrounding temperatures, a medium efficiency is assumed for all countries. Temperature adjustments would be related to high uncertainties.'];['text', 'Water is used for wet cooling and as feed water in the steam circuit. In this dataset, 100% wet cooling and no once-through cooling is assumed. '];['text', 'EMISSIONS:'];['text', 'Different sources served as basis for assumption of average emissions. Where possible, the most recent sources were taken into account, whereas older sources were taken in order to determine the remaining data gaps. The emissions have been fixed for the former UCTE region* and have been overtaken as such for all countries without value adaptation (adaptation of the uncertainty). See ecoinvent report 'Erdgas' given as main source for details (Tab. 11.15). In the following a short overview:'];['text', ' - Emissions of NOx, CO, CO2, SO2, particles, N2O and CH4 are mainly taken from CORINAIR 2001, EPA, and a variety of other data sources '];['text', '-\tNOx emissions are a major challenge in natural gas power plants. With rising temperature, emissions also rise; band widths of NOx emissions in literature are correspondingly large. There are several methods to diminish these emissions.'];['text', '-\tCO is a result of uncomplete burning. For economic and technical reasons, plant combustion is optimized and CO emissions are low. '];['text', '-\tCO2 and SO2 emissions are dependent on the composition of the used fuel. Due to the low sulfur content of the used natural gas, no desulfurization has to take place.'];['text', '-\tOrganic compound emissions are estimated on the basis of EPA 1998. '];['text', '-\tParticles are assumed to be smaller than 2.5 micro-m'];['text', 'former UCTE: Union for the Coordination of the Transmission of Electricity, since 2009 replaced by ENTSO-E European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity.'];['text', 'Sources:'];['text', '-\tCORINAIR 2001. EMEP/CORINAIR 2001: Joint EMEP/CORINAIR Atmospheric Emission Inventory Guidebook, Third Edition. Copenhagen: European Environment Agency, 2001. http://reports.eea.eu.int/technical_report_2001_3/en.'];['text', '-\tEPA 1998. US Environmental Protection Agency (1998). Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, AP-42, Fifth Edition, Volume I: Chapter 1: External Combustion Sources, Natural Gas Combustion - Final Section - Supplement D , July 1998. CHIEF (Clearinghouse for Inventories and Emission Factors). Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/.'];['text', '-\tRentz O., Karl U., Peter H. (2002). Ermittlung und Evaluierung von Emissionsfaktoren f\xfcr Feuerungsanlagen in Deutschland f\xfcr die Jahre 1995, 2000 und 2010. Deutsch- Franz\xf6sisches Institut f\xfcr Umweltforschung, Uni Karsruhe. Endbericht. Im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes. Forschungsbericht 299 43 142. Umweltbundesamt. Berlin.'] From the constructed combined cycle natural gas power plant ready to produce electricity. From reception of natural gas and operating materials at power plant/factory gate This activity ends with 1kWh of high voltage electricity produced at the power plant and arrived at the busbar. This dataset includes: - all operation and maintenance activities and materials of the power plants. - Cooling: It is a assumed that all plants use wet cooling with a cooling tower. No cooling tower is included in this dataset (will be implemented in future versions) - decarbonised water use for reduction of NOx emissions This dataset doesn't include - raw materials extraction, decommissioning and waste treatment as these activities are already included in the infrastructure datasets. - transformation of the electricity produced.
Copyright Yes
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)
Time representativeness
Data set valid until 2023
Time representativeness description The Annual Production Volume is valid for the year 2012.
Technological representativeness
Technology description including background system Combined cycle power plant of 400MWe class with a gas turbine 265MWe and a steam turbine 140MWe. The plant is used for middle load with 5000 hours of operation at full capacity per year. The plant is assumed to operate 180000 hours during its lifetime.
LCI method and allocation
Type of data set Unit process, black box
LCI Method Principle Other
Data sources, treatment and representativeness
Data treatment and extrapolations principles Data have been taken over from a dataset valid for the time period 2000-2005, relying on sources of the 90th. No changes were made for the 2008 dataset, but uncertainty was adjusted. All exchange data were extrapolated from datasets of the following 11 countries: AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US. The data of those countries basically rely on data of the former UCTE (see general comment). The efficiency is based on IEA/OECD statistics and calculated with own assumptions. The cooling and feed water use has been taken over from datasets for electricity production with hard coal or lignite.
Data source(s) used for this data set
Sampling procedure Literature
Completeness
Completeness of product model No statement
Data generator
Data set generator / modeller
Data entry by
Time stamp (last saved) 2024-07-12T18:43:19.795000-04:00
Data set format(s)
Data entry by
Publication and ownership
UUID 5ef63d36-ee4a-411f-8510-9ab8e88aa730
Date of last revision 2024-07-12T17:13:58.803000-04:00
Data set version 00.00.005
Unchanged re-publication of
Copyright Yes

Inputs

Type of flow Classification Flow Location Mean amount Resulting amount Minimum amount Maximum amount
Product flow
F:Construction / 42:Civil engineering / 422:Construction of utility projects / 4220:Construction of utility projects GLO 9.23E-12 Item(s)9.23E-12 Item(s)
General comment Amount of power plant infrastructure input calculated based on expected full load hours during power plant lifetime (180000h) and power plant capacity (400MW). See "gas power plant construction, combined cycle, 400MW electrical" dataset and corresponding documentation.
Product flow
D:Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply / 35:Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply / 352:Manufacture of gas; distribution of gaseous fuels through mains / 3520:Manufacture of gas; distribution of gaseous fuels through mains RoW 0.135 m30.135 m3
General comment Calculated value.
Product flow
E:Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities / 36:Water collection, treatment and supply / 360:Water collection, treatment and supply / 3600:Water collection, treatment and supply RoW 0.0291 kg0.0291 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Feed water for the steam circuit lost when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Röder et al. 2007, Tab. 9.65 and Tab. 9.66, p. 160f. For natural gas burned in a combined cycle plant (Tab. 11.25), the feed water was taken into account in Röder et al. 2007 by modelling it with decorbonised water being treated with sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid directly in the dataset. For consistency reasons, now also the completely softened water is taken into account.
Product flow
E:Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities / 36:Water collection, treatment and supply / 360:Water collection, treatment and supply / 3600:Water collection, treatment and supply RoW 0.97 kg0.97 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Cooling water, decarbonised, for the cooling water circuit lost and NOx reduction when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Tab. 11.25, p. 143. For natural gas burned in a combined cycle plant (Tab. 11.25), an amount of 0.5 kg water per MJ burned was taken into account in Röder et al. 2007. As the reasons for this are not documented any more, the cooling water use has been taken over to the combined cycle plant dataset for consistency reasons. Röder et al. 2007 state that CC plants have a lower cooling water need than conventional plants. However, as written above, water use for NOx reduction is also taken into account.
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from water / Renewable material resources from water CL 0.0287 m30.0287 m3
General comment Calculated based on literature data.

Outputs

Type of flow Classification Flow Location Mean amount Resulting amount Minimum amount Maximum amount
Product flow D:Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply / 35:Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply / 351:Electric power generation, transmission and distribution / 3510:Electric power generation, transmission and distribution CL 3.6 MJ3.6 MJ
Waste flow
E:Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities / 38:Waste collection, treatment and disposal activities; materials recovery / 382:Waste treatment and disposal / 3821:Treatment and disposal of non-hazardous waste RoW 4.85E-6 kg4.85E-6 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Mass share of cooling tower needed for producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix) Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 3.85E-12 kg3.85E-12 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 3.88E-9 kg3.88E-9 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 5.87E-7 kg5.87E-7 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 4.38E-9 kg4.38E-9 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 2.57E-12 kg2.57E-12 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable element resources from ground CL 1.2E-11 kg1.2E-11 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix. Only the US dataset contains heavy metals emissions - see Tab. 16.10) Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 4.49E-6 kg4.49E-6 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable element resources from ground CL 1.1E-9 kg1.1E-9 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix. Only the US dataset contains heavy metals emissions - see Tab. 16.10) Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 0.259 kg0.259 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.15, p. 133f in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 1.07E-5 kg1.07E-5 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas in a combined cycle power plant. Measurement of a single combined cycle plant in Europe. Tab. 11.25 p. 143
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable element resources from ground CL 1.39E-9 kg1.39E-9 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix. Only the US dataset contains heavy metals emissions - see Tab. 16.10) Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable element resources from ground CL 8.34E-11 kg8.34E-11 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix. Only the US dataset contains heavy metals emissions - see Tab. 16.10) Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 4.74E-6 kg4.74E-6 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.15, p. 133f in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 1.41E-16 kg1.41E-16 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 6.65E-6 kg6.65E-6 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 1.57E-7 kg1.57E-7 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 3.85E-6 kg3.85E-6 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable element resources from ground CL 5.0E-10 kg5.0E-10 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix. Only the US dataset contains heavy metals emissions - see Tab. 16.10) Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable element resources from ground CL 3.79E-10 kg3.79E-10 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix. Only the US dataset contains heavy metals emissions - see Tab. 16.10) Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable element resources from ground CL 3.34E-10 kg3.34E-10 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix. Only the US dataset contains heavy metals emissions - see Tab. 16.10) Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 4.71E-6 kg4.71E-6 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.15, p. 133f in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable element resources from ground CL 2.09E-9 kg2.09E-9 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix. Only the US dataset contains heavy metals emissions - see Tab. 16.10) Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 1.24E-4 kg1.24E-4 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas in a combined cycle power plant. Measurement of a single combined cycle plant in Europe. Tab. 11.25 p. 143
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 3.88E-8 kg3.88E-8 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 5.58E-6 kg5.58E-6 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 3.42E-6 kg3.42E-6 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 7.76E-8 kg7.76E-8 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable element resources from ground CL 2.38E-11 kg2.38E-11 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix. Only the US dataset contains heavy metals emissions - see Tab. 16.10) Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 2.78E-6 kg2.78E-6 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.15, p. 133f in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to non-urban air or from high stacks CL 7.28E-9 kg7.28E-9 kg
General comment Literature value/calculated value. Value taken over from the dataset of natural gas burned in a normal power plant (electricity production, natural gas, GLO 2008). Emissions when producing 1kWh of electricity, based on the value for burning 1MJ of natural gas. Weighted average with electricity production data (Itten&Frischknecht 2012) and emission values of 11 countries (AT, BE, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, JP, LU, NL, US) (Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007, JP and US in the appendix) Country emissions values estimate from range of values from different references. See Tab. 11.19, p. 138 in Faist Emmenegger et al. 2007. Source: Itten R. and Frischknecht R. (2012) Life Cycle Inventories of Electricity Mixes and Grid. ESU-services Ltd., Uster, Switzerland.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified CL 4.76E-4 m34.76E-4 m3
General comment Calculated value based on literature values and expert opinion. See comments in the parametres' comment field.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to water / Emissions to water, unspecified CL 0.0292 m30.0292 m3
General comment Calculated value based on literature values and expert opinion. See comments in the parametres' comment field.